Decoding Gender Dynamics: A Critical Study of Gender Conventions of the Nineteenth Century as Portrayed in Thomas Hardy's 'The Ruined Maid'

Abstract

This study critically examines Thomas Hardy's depiction of gender dynamics throughout the nineteenth century by conducting a detailed analysis of his poem 'The Ruined Maid.' Although Hardy is known for his compassionate portrayal of women, the study argues that his depiction of female characters in this specific work demonstrates a nuanced interaction with existing gender norms, despite his progressive viewpoint of sympathizing with women and emphasizing the societal disadvantages they face. The poem progresses through a dialogue between two women, where Melia, the main character, defies conventional gender norms by refusing to conform to societal expectations. The first astonishment conveyed by an unidentified woman highlights the societal norms that dictate women's confinement to domestic realms. Melia's ostensible affluence and defiance of traditional societal expectations elicit amazement, hence supporting the dominant patriarchal ideology. Although there are instances in the poem where Melia appears to surpass societal limitations and attain economic self-sufficiency, the overall message of the poem conforms to Victorian values by categorizing her as "ruined." The study argues that although Hardy endeavours to question traditional gender standards, he is nevertheless constrained by the dominant patriarchal ideology of the era. The conflict is apparent in the portrayal of Melia, who, despite occasional acts of resistance, ultimately yields to cultural norms, thereby supporting the idea that women who deviate from prescribed positions are morally compromised.