Enhancing Properties of 3D Printed Polymers: A Review of Recent PostProcessing Methods

Abstract

– With the introduction of additive manufacturing, traditional manufacturing processes have been reinterpreted, with 3D printing emerging as a transformational technology across multiple industries. Specifically, the utilization of polymers in 3D printing has surged due to their versatility, costeffectiveness, and ease of processing. However, while 3D printing enables unparalleled design complexity, some properties of printed polymer parts often necessitate further refinement to meet high performance standards. Post-processing techniques have grown in popularity as a result of challenges such as restricted mechanical strength, surface roughness, and material-specific restrictions. This comprehensive review explores recent advancements in post-processing methodologies applied to 3Dprinted polymer parts, aiming to enhance their mechanical, thermal, and aesthetic properties. The paper delves into an extensive analysis of various techniques, categorizing them into mechanical enhancements, surface finish improvements, and functional enhancements. Techniques such as annealing or heat treatment have been investigated for their capacity to improve mechanical integrity, while sanding, polishing, and chemical treatments have been employed to refine surface finishes. Coatings, including priming, painting, and specialized nano-coatings, have demonstrated their efficacy in augmenting both functional and aesthetic attributes. Understanding and applying these techniques is critical not just for achieving current performance requirements, but also for realizing the full potential of additive manufacturing across a wide range of industries. This investigation highlights the significance of postprocessing techniques in expanding the capabilities and applications of 3D-printed polymer parts.